Microplastics in the drinking water of the Riobamba city, Ecuador

Main Article Content

M. Paredes
T. Castillo
R. Viteri
G. Fuentes
E. Bodero


Keywords : microplastics, drinking water, water pollution, water distribution system
Abstract

The city of Riobamba captures for human consumption groundwater from melting glaciers, from seven wells in the foothills of the Chimborazo volcano. The objective is determine the percentage of existing microplastics in drinking water distribution system. Sixty two samples were collected, analysed with a cellulose filter and Nile red dye. Then observed in a stereoscope, obtaining presence in 12 samples of the 62 analysed. The results of the analysis show that there is a 19% presence of microplastics.

Article Details

How to Cite
Paredes, M., Castillo, T., Viteri, R., Fuentes, G., & Bodero, E. (2019). Microplastics in the drinking water of the Riobamba city, Ecuador. Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES), 28(4), 653–663. https://doi.org/10.22630/PNIKS.2019.28.4.59
References

Andrady, A.L. (2011). Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(8), 1596-1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030

Auta, H.S., Emenike, C.U. & Fauziah, S.H. (2017). Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions. Environment International, 102, 165-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVINT.2017.02.013

Chen, G., Feng, Q., & Wang, J. (2019). Minireview of microplastics in the atmosphere and their risks to humans. Science of The Total Environment, 135504. https://doi. org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.135504

Chidambarampadmavathy, K., Karthikeyan, O.P. & Heimann, K. (2017). Sustainable bioplastic production through landfill methane recycling. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 71, 555-562. https://doi. org/10.1016/J.RSER.2016.12.083

Cole, M., Lindeque, P., Halsband, C. & Galloway, T.S. (2011). Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(12), 2588-2597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025

Crawford, C.B. & Quinn, B. (2017a). The biological impacts and effects of contaminated microplastics. In Ch.B. Crawford, B. Quinn (eds) Microplastic Pollutants (pp. 159-178). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809406-8.00007-4

Crawford, C.B. & Quinn, B. (2017b). Plastic production, waste and legislation. In Ch.B. Crawford, B. Quinn (eds) Microplastic Pollutants (pp. 39-56). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809406-8.00003-7

Dilkes-Hoffman, L.S., Pratt, S., Lant, P.A. & Laycock, B. (2018). The role of biodegradable plastic in solving plastic solid waste accumulation. In S.M. Al-Salem (ed.), Plastics to Energy (pp. 469-505). Norwich, NY: William Andrew. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813140-4.00019-4

EPMAPS (2018). Captación – Bienvenido a EPMAPS.

Erni-Cassola, G., Gibson, M.I., Thompson, R.C. & Christie-Oleza, J.A. (2017). Lost, but found with Nile red; a novel method to detect and quantify small microplastics (20 µm–1 mm) in environmental samples. Environmental Science and Technology, 51(23), 13641-13648. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04512

Fok, L. & Cheung, P.K. (2015). Hong Kong at the Pearl River Estuary: A hotspot of microplastic pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 99(1-2), 112-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.050

Gasperi, J., Wright, S.L., Dris, R., Collard, F., Mandin, C., Guerrouache, M., Langlois, V., Kelly, F.J. & Tassin, B. (2018). Microplastics in air: Are we breathing it in? Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, 1, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2017.10.002

Kelley, K.M., Stenson, A.C., Dey, R. & Whelton, A.J. (2014). Release of drinking water contaminants and odor impacts caused by green building cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing systems. Water Research, 67, 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.051

Kosuth, M., Wattenberg, E., Mason, S., Tyree, C. & Morrison, D. (2017). Synthetic polymer contamination in global drinking water. Orb Media.

Maes, T., Jessop, R., Wellner, N., Haupt, K. & Mayes, A.G. (2017). A rapid-screening approach to detect and quantify microplastics based on fluorescent tagging with Nile Red. Scientific Reports, 7, 44501. https://doi. org/10.1038/srep44501..

Mason, S.A., Welch, V.G. & Neratko, J. (2018). Synthetic polymer contamination in bottled water. Frontiers in Chemistry, 6(407), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00407

Napper, I.E. & Thompson, R.C. (2016). Release of synthetic microplastic plastic fibres from domestic washing machines: Effects of fabric type and washing conditions. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 112(1-2), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.025

Novotna, K., Cermakova, L., Pivokonska, L., Cajthaml, T. & Pivokonsky, M. (2019). Microplastics in drinking water treatment – current knowledge and research needs. Science of The Total Environment, 667, 730-740. https://doi. org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.02.431

NTE INEN 1108:2014. Agua Potable. Requisitos [Drinking water. Requirements]. Instituto Ecuatoriano de Normalización.

Oliveira, M., Almeida, M. & Miguel, I. (2019). A micro(nano)plastic boomerang tale: a never ending story? TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 112, 196-200. https://doi. org/10.1016/J.TRAC.2019.01.005

Oßmann, B.E., Sarau, G., Holtmannspötter, H., Pischetsrieder, M., Christiansen, S.H. & Dicke, W. (2018). Small-sized microplastics and pigmented particles in bottled mineral water. Water Research, 141, 307-316. https:// doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.2018.05.027

Reino Moyón, S.J. (2013). Estudio del as Aguas Subterráneas de la Ciudad de Riobamba y sus Zonas de Infl uencia: Línea Base [Study on the underground waters of the city of Riobamba and its influence zones]. Riobamba: Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Retrieved from: http://dspace.espoch.edu.ec/handle/123456789/2501

Rochman, C.M., Tahir, A., Williams, S.L., Baxa, D.V., Lam, R., Miller, J.T., Teh, F.C., Werorilangi, S. & Teh, S.J. (2015). Anthropogenic debris in seafood: plastic debris and fi bers from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption. Scientific Reports, 5(14340), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14340

Rodríguez-Seijo, A., Pereira, R. (2017). Morphological and physical characterization of microplastics. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry. Elsevier, 75, 49-66.

Rojo-Nieto, E. & Montoto, T. (2017). Basuras marinas, plásticos y microplásticos: orígenes, impactos y consecuencias de una amenaza global [Marine, plastic and microplastic wastes: origins, impacts and consequences of a global threat]. Madrid: Ecologistas en Acción.

Treinish, G. (2017). The mystery of the blue microplastic fiber. National Geographic Blog. Retrieved from: https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2017/06/13/the-mystery-of-theblue-microplastic-fiber/

Van Cauwenberghe, L. & Janssen, C.R. (2014). Microplastics in bivalves cultured for human consumption. Environmental Pollution, 193, 65-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.010

Weis, J., Andrews, C.J., Dyksen, J.E., Ferrara, R.A., Gannon, J.T., Laumbach, R. J., Young, L. (2015). Human health impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics. Public Health Standing Committee NJDEP Science Advisory Board.

Wright, S.L. & Kelly, F.J. (2017). Plastic and human health: a micro issue? Environmental Science and Technology, 51(12), 6634-6647. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b00423

Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.